以分离自环洞庭湖水系的3个淡水湖渔场表层底泥样品中的2株产几丁质酶菌株及3株产胶原蛋白酶菌株为研究对象，对其进行酶活分析及分子生物学鉴定，并通过药敏性、溶血性、氨基酸脱羧酶活性及硝酸还原酶活性实验对其安全性进行评价。结果表明，2株产几丁质酶菌株AL1、BM1分别被鉴定为芽孢杆菌（Bacillus sp.）和假单胞菌（Pseudomonas sp.）；3株产胶原蛋白酶菌株ALJ1、BMJ1及DJ2分别被鉴定为Pseudomonas sp.、Pseudomonas sp.和微小杆菌（Exiguobacterium sp.）。安全性试验结果表明，菌株DJ2、BMJ1分别对6种和4种抗生素高度敏感，其余菌株仅对1种抗生素高度敏感；除菌株AL1外，其余4株菌均无溶血性；除菌株DJ2外，其余4株菌均有氨基酸脱羧酶活性；5株菌均无硝酸还原酶活性。综上，菌株BM1和DJ2是降解有机高分子化合物的较安全菌株，可将其应用于有机高分子化合物的降解。

Two chitinase-producing strains and three collagenase-producing strains isolated from the surface sediment samples of three freshwater lake fisheries around the Dongting Lake system were selected as the research objects, the enzyme activity and molecular biological identification were carried out, and their safety was evaluated by the tests of drug sensitivity, haemolytic, amino acid decarboxylase activity and nitrate reductase activity. The results showed that the two chitinase-producing strains AL1, BM1 were identified as Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp., respectively. Three collagenase-producing strains ALJ1, BMJ1 and DJ2 were identified as Pseudomonas sp. , Pseudomonas sp. and Exiguobacterium sp., respectively. The safety tests results showed that strains DJ2 and BMJ1 were highly sensitive to 6 and 4 antibiotics, respectively, while the other strains were highly sensitive to only 1 antibiotic. Except for strain AL1, the other 4 strains were not hemolytic. Except for strain DJ2, all the other 4 strains had amino acid decarboxylase activity. There was no nitrate reductase activity in the 5 strains. In conclusion, strains BM1 and DJ2 were safer strains to degrade organic polymers, and could be used for degradation of organic polymers.